Equilibrium is a state of dynamic balance where the ratio of the product and reactant concentrations is constant.
The larger the equilibrium constant, the further the equilibrium lies toward the products.
Formula to calculate equilibrium concentration.
To calculate this, we use the ICE table.
| I | y | 0 | 0 |
| C | -x | +x | +x |
| E | y – x | x | x |
Example:
Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the acid if the concentration of H+ in the following equation is 0.00005 if it is a 3M acid.
HCIO ⇌ H+ + CIO
| HCIO | H+ | CIO | |
| I | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| C | – 0.00005 | 0.00005 | 0.00005 |
| E | 3 – 0.00005 | 0.00005 | 0.00005 |
Therefore, the concentration of the acid is 2.99995.
